{"id":2281,"date":"2026-02-27T09:19:56","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T09:19:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/?page_id=2281"},"modified":"2026-09-03T09:39:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T09:39:01","slug":"t2-t3-pure-copper-red-copper","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/sr-mfg-metal-materials-library\/t2-t3-pure-copper-red-copper\/","title":{"rendered":"T2\/T3 (Pure Copper \/ &#8220;Red Copper&#8221;)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-bottom:44px;--awb-padding-top-medium:72px;--awb-margin-top:-53px;--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-T3-Pure-Copper-Red-Copper.webp&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:66.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.88%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.88%;--awb-width-medium:66.666666666667%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.88%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.88%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><nav class=\"fusion-breadcrumbs fusion-breadcrumbs-1\" style=\"--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-alignment:left;--awb-breadcrumb-sep:&#039;&gt;&#039;;text-align:left;\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\"><ol class=\"awb-breadcrumb-list\"><li class=\"fusion-breadcrumb-item awb-breadcrumb-sep awb-home\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\" class=\"fusion-breadcrumb-link\"><span >Home<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#040d16;--awb-font-size:54px;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.02em;text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);font-size:1em;line-height:1.12em;\">T2\/T3 (Pure Copper \/ Red Copper)<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-div\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#4f5c6c;--awb-margin-bottom:32px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:32px;--awb-font-size:15px;\"><div class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left title-heading-tag\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;margin:0;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:capitalize;font-size:1em;line-height:1.4em;\">If you are looking for a supplier for pure copper sheet metal parts, or you have already received drawings that specify T2\/T3 pure copper and need to assess whether the material is suitable for fabrication, this page is for you. It is designed to help you do three things: <strong data-start=\"310\" data-end=\"381\">confirm whether T2\/T3 pure copper is the right fit for your project<\/strong>, understand the differences between these two grades, and make faster material decisions during sourcing and engineering review.<\/div><\/div><style>\n\/* =========================================================\n   SR MFG - T2 \/ T3 PURE COPPER HERO FEATURES\n   HTML + CSS ONLY\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-features {\n    width: 100%;\n    max-width: 610px;\n\n    display: grid;\n    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));\n\n    align-items: center;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   SINGLE FEATURE\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-feature {\n    position: relative;\n\n    min-width: 0;\n\n    padding: 0 24px;\n\n    display: flex;\n    flex-direction: column;\n    align-items: center;\n\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n\n    text-align: center;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-feature:first-child {\n    padding-left: 0;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-feature:last-child {\n    padding-right: 0;\n}\n\n\n\/* \u7ad6\u5411\u5206\u9694\u7ebf *\/\n\n.t2t3-feature:not(:last-child)::after {\n    content: \"\";\n\n    position: absolute;\n\n    top: 5px;\n    right: 0;\n    bottom: 5px;\n\n    width: 1px;\n\n    background: #e2e6ea;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   ICON\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-feature-icon {\n    width: 42px;\n    height: 42px;\n    min-width: 42px;\n\n    margin-bottom: 8px;\n\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n\n    color: #ff5a24;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-feature-icon svg {\n    width: 100%;\n    height: 100%;\n\n    display: block;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   TITLE\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-feature-title {\n    margin: 0;\n\n    color: #102b50;\n\n    font-size: 11px;\n    font-weight: 700;\n    line-height: 1.25;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   TABLET\n========================================================= *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 900px) {\n\n    .t2t3-feature {\n        padding-left: 16px;\n        padding-right: 16px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature-icon {\n        width: 36px;\n        height: 36px;\n        min-width: 36px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature-title {\n        font-size: 10px;\n    }\n\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   MOBILE\n========================================================= *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 600px) {\n\n    .t2t3-features {\n        grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n\n        max-width: 100%;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature {\n        padding: 15px 0;\n\n        flex-direction: row;\n        align-items: center;\n\n        gap: 13px;\n\n        text-align: left;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature:first-child {\n        padding-top: 0;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature:last-child {\n        padding-bottom: 0;\n    }\n\n\n    \/* \u624b\u673a\u4e0a\u6539\u6210\u6a2a\u5411\u5206\u9694\u7ebf *\/\n\n    .t2t3-feature:not(:last-child)::after {\n        top: auto;\n        left: 0;\n        right: 0;\n        bottom: 0;\n\n        width: 100%;\n        height: 1px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature-icon {\n        width: 40px;\n        height: 40px;\n        min-width: 40px;\n\n        margin-bottom: 0;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-feature-title {\n        font-size: 12px;\n    }\n\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n<div class=\"t2t3-features\">\n\n\n    <!-- =====================================================\n         01 EXCELLENT ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY\n    ====================================================== -->\n\n    <div class=\"t2t3-feature\">\n\n        <div class=\"t2t3-feature-icon\">\n\n            <svg viewBox=\"0 0 48 48\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n                <!-- Circle -->\n                <circle\n                    cx=\"24\"\n                    cy=\"24\"\n                    r=\"18\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"2\"\n                \/>\n\n                <!-- Lightning -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M27 8\n                       L17 25\n                       H24\n                       L21 39\n                       L32 20\n                       H25\n                       Z\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"2\"\n                    stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n            <\/svg>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"t2t3-feature-title\">\n            Excellent<br>\n            Electrical<br>\n            Conductivity\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n    <!-- =====================================================\n         02 EXCELLENT THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY\n    ====================================================== -->\n\n    <div class=\"t2t3-feature\">\n\n        <div class=\"t2t3-feature-icon\">\n\n            <svg viewBox=\"0 0 48 48\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n                <!-- Circle -->\n                <circle\n                    cx=\"24\"\n                    cy=\"24\"\n                    r=\"18\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"2\"\n                \/>\n\n                <!-- Thermometer -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M21 13\n                       V27\n                       C18 29 17 31 17 34\n                       C17 38 20 41 24 41\n                       C28 41 31 38 31 34\n                       C31 31 30 29 27 27\n                       V13\n                       C27 10 26 8 24 8\n                       C22 8 21 10 21 13Z\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n                    stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n                <!-- Temperature -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M24 16V31\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"2\"\n                    stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n                <circle\n                    cx=\"24\"\n                    cy=\"34\"\n                    r=\"2.7\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"1.7\"\n                \/>\n\n            <\/svg>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"t2t3-feature-title\">\n            Excellent<br>\n            Thermal<br>\n            Conductivity\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n    <!-- =====================================================\n         03 EXCELLENT FORMABILITY\n    ====================================================== -->\n\n    <div class=\"t2t3-feature\">\n\n        <div class=\"t2t3-feature-icon\">\n\n            <svg viewBox=\"0 0 48 48\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n                <!-- Forming line -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M9 22\n                       H16\n                       C20 22 22 25 23 29\n                       C24 33 27 35 32 35\n                       H39\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"2.2\"\n                    stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                    stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n                <!-- Upper forming curve -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M14 14\n                       C17 18 18 22 18 27\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n                    stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n                <!-- Lower forming curve -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M30 28\n                       C31 23 33 19 37 16\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n                    stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n                <!-- Motion marks -->\n                <path\n                    d=\"M11 10V15\n                       M36 10V14\"\n                    fill=\"none\"\n                    stroke=\"currentColor\"\n                    stroke-width=\"1.5\"\n                    stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                \/>\n\n            <\/svg>\n\n        <\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"t2t3-feature-title\">\n            Excellent<br>\n            Formability\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-sticky-container\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" data-transition-offset=\"0\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-sticky-medium-visibility=\"1\" data-sticky-large-visibility=\"1\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><style>\n\/* =========================================================\n   SR MFG - T2 \/ T3 PURE COPPER PAGE NAVIGATION\n   HTML + CSS ONLY\n========================================================= *\/\n\nhtml {\n    scroll-behavior: smooth;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   OUTER AREA\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-section {\n    width: 100%;\n    padding: 14px 10px;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n\n    \/* Sticky \u65f6\u5916\u56f4\u4e0d\u51fa\u73b0\u6574\u5757\u767d\u5e95 *\/\n    background: transparent !important;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   NAV CARD\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav {\n    --navy: #0b2c58;\n    --navy-dark: #071d3f;\n\n    --purple-1: #5035f4;\n    --purple-2: #9223ec;\n\n    --text: #162c4b;\n    --icon: #273b57;\n    --border: #dde3e9;\n\n    width: 100%;\n    max-width: 1280px;\n    min-height: 90px;\n\n    margin: 0 auto;\n    padding: 10px 13px;\n\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n\n    background: #ffffff;\n\n    border: 1px solid #dde3e9;\n    border-radius: 15px;\n\n    box-shadow:\n        0 8px 26px rgba(14, 42, 77, .08);\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   NAVIGATION SCROLL AREA\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-scroll {\n    flex: 1 1 auto;\n    min-width: 0;\n\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-links {\n    width: 100%;\n\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: stretch;\n\n    min-width: 0;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   NORMAL NAV ITEM\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link {\n    position: relative;\n\n    flex: 1 1 0;\n    min-width: 0;\n\n    height: 66px;\n\n    padding: 6px 12px;\n\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n\n    gap: 9px;\n\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n\n    color: var(--text) !important;\n\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n\n    transition:\n        color .2s ease,\n        background .2s ease;\n}\n\n\n\/* Vertical separator *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link:not(:last-child)::after {\n    content: \"\";\n\n    position: absolute;\n\n    top: 10px;\n    right: 0;\n    bottom: 10px;\n\n    width: 1px;\n\n    background: var(--border);\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link:hover {\n    color: #6132df !important;\n\n    background: #faf9ff;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   ICON\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-icon {\n    width: 27px;\n    height: 27px;\n    min-width: 27px;\n\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n\n    color: var(--icon);\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-icon svg {\n    width: 100%;\n    height: 100%;\n\n    display: block;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   TEXT\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-text {\n    display: block;\n\n    color: inherit;\n\n    font-size: 11.5px;\n    font-weight: 700;\n    line-height: 1.18;\n\n    white-space: nowrap;\n\n    text-align: left;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   ACTIVE OVERVIEW\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active {\n    flex: 0 0 150px;\n\n    height: 70px;\n\n    margin-right: 7px;\n\n    padding: 0 19px;\n\n    gap: 11px;\n\n    border-radius: 9px;\n\n    background:\n        linear-gradient(\n            145deg,\n            #152f5c 0%,\n            #071a3a 100%\n        );\n\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n\n    box-shadow:\n        0 7px 18px rgba(8, 28, 65, .20);\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active::after {\n    display: none;\n}\n\n\n\/* subtle purple line *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active::before {\n    content: \"\";\n\n    position: absolute;\n\n    left: 12px;\n    right: 12px;\n    bottom: -3px;\n\n    height: 3px;\n\n    border-radius: 10px;\n\n    background:\n        linear-gradient(\n            90deg,\n            #5434f5,\n            #a027ed\n        );\n\n    opacity: .5;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active\n.t2t3-page-nav-icon {\n    color: #ffffff;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active\n.t2t3-page-nav-text {\n    color: #ffffff;\n\n    font-size: 13px;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active:hover {\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n\n    background:\n        linear-gradient(\n            145deg,\n            #1a3d70 0%,\n            #09254b 100%\n        );\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   CTA WRAPPER\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-cta-wrap {\n    flex: 0 0 auto;\n\n    height: 66px;\n\n    margin-left: 14px;\n    padding-left: 17px;\n\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n\n    border-left: 1px solid var(--border);\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   CTA\n========================================================= *\/\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-cta {\n    min-width: 166px;\n    height: 54px;\n\n    padding: 0 22px;\n\n    display: inline-flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n\n    gap: 12px;\n\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n\n    border-radius: 9px;\n\n    background:\n        linear-gradient(\n            135deg,\n            var(--purple-1) 0%,\n            var(--purple-2) 100%\n        );\n\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n\n    font-size: 13px;\n    font-weight: 700;\n    line-height: 1;\n\n    white-space: nowrap;\n\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n\n    box-shadow:\n        0 7px 18px rgba(90, 45, 235, .22);\n\n    transition:\n        transform .2s ease,\n        box-shadow .2s ease;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-cta:hover {\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n\n    transform: translateY(-1px);\n\n    box-shadow:\n        0 9px 23px rgba(90, 45, 235, .28);\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-arrow {\n    display: inline-block;\n\n    font-size: 21px;\n    line-height: 1;\n\n    transition: transform .2s ease;\n}\n\n\n.t2t3-page-nav-cta:hover\n.t2t3-page-nav-arrow {\n    transform: translateX(3px);\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   ANCHOR OFFSET\n========================================================= *\/\n\n#t2t3-overview,\n#t2t3-differences,\n#t2t3-specifications,\n#t2t3-processing,\n#t2t3-applications,\n#t2t3-rfq,\n#t2t3-faqs {\n    scroll-margin-top: 115px;\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   SMALLER DESKTOP\n========================================================= *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 1180px) {\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav {\n        padding-left: 8px;\n        padding-right: 8px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link {\n        padding-left: 8px;\n        padding-right: 8px;\n\n        gap: 6px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-icon {\n        width: 23px;\n        height: 23px;\n        min-width: 23px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-text {\n        font-size: 10.5px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active {\n        flex-basis: 125px;\n\n        padding-left: 14px;\n        padding-right: 14px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active\n    .t2t3-page-nav-text {\n        font-size: 11.5px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-cta-wrap {\n        margin-left: 8px;\n        padding-left: 10px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-cta {\n        min-width: 130px;\n\n        padding-left: 15px;\n        padding-right: 15px;\n\n        font-size: 11.5px;\n    }\n\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   BELOW 1020PX\n   Hide normal icons first\n========================================================= *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 1020px) {\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link:not(.is-active)\n    .t2t3-page-nav-icon {\n        display: none;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link {\n        font-size: 11px;\n    }\n\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   TABLET\n========================================================= *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 880px) {\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-cta-wrap {\n        display: none;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-scroll {\n        overflow-x: auto;\n        overflow-y: hidden;\n\n        scrollbar-width: none;\n\n        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar {\n        display: none;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-links {\n        width: max-content;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link {\n        flex: 0 0 auto;\n\n        padding-left: 15px;\n        padding-right: 15px;\n    }\n\n}\n\n\n\/* =========================================================\n   MOBILE\n========================================================= *\/\n\n@media (max-width: 600px) {\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-section {\n        padding: 8px 6px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav {\n        min-height: 60px;\n\n        padding: 5px;\n\n        border-radius: 9px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link {\n        height: 48px;\n\n        padding-left: 13px;\n        padding-right: 13px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active {\n        height: 50px;\n\n        flex-basis: auto;\n\n        padding-left: 15px;\n        padding-right: 15px;\n    }\n\n\n    .t2t3-page-nav-link.is-active::before {\n        display: none;\n    }\n\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n<div class=\"t2t3-page-nav-section\">\n\n<nav\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav\"\n    aria-label=\"T2 T3 pure copper page navigation\"\n>\n\n\n<div class=\"t2t3-page-nav-scroll\">\n\n<div class=\"t2t3-page-nav-links\">\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     01 OVERVIEW\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-overview\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link is-active\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <rect\n        x=\"5\"\n        y=\"5\"\n        width=\"9\"\n        height=\"9\"\n        rx=\"1.2\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n    \/>\n\n    <rect\n        x=\"18\"\n        y=\"5\"\n        width=\"9\"\n        height=\"9\"\n        rx=\"1.2\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n    \/>\n\n    <rect\n        x=\"5\"\n        y=\"18\"\n        width=\"9\"\n        height=\"9\"\n        rx=\"1.2\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n    \/>\n\n    <rect\n        x=\"18\"\n        y=\"18\"\n        width=\"9\"\n        height=\"9\"\n        rx=\"1.2\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nOverview\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     02 T2 VS T3\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-differences\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M7 10H24\n           M20 6L24 10L20 14\n\n           M25 22H8\n           M12 18L8 22L12 26\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.9\"\n        stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n        stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nT2 vs T3\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     03 SPECIFICATIONS\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-specifications\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M16 3L25 7V14\n           C25 20 21.5 25 16 28\n           C10.5 25 7 20 7 14V7L16 3Z\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n        stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M12 15L15 18L21 11\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.7\"\n        stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n        stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nSpecifications\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     04 PROCESSING\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-processing\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <circle\n        cx=\"16\"\n        cy=\"16\"\n        r=\"6\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n    \/>\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M16 3V7\n           M16 25V29\n           M3 16H7\n           M25 16H29\n           M7 7L10 10\n           M22 22L25 25\n           M25 7L22 10\n           M10 22L7 25\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n        stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nProcessing\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     05 APPLICATIONS\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-applications\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M4 27V14\n           L10 18\n           V11\n           L17 16\n           V8\n           L28 14\n           V27Z\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n        stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M9 23H12\n           M17 23H20\n           M24 23H26\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.6\"\n        stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nApplications\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     06 RFQ CHECKLIST\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-rfq\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <rect\n        x=\"8\"\n        y=\"5\"\n        width=\"17\"\n        height=\"23\"\n        rx=\"2\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.7\"\n    \/>\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M12 11L14 13L18 9\n           M12 18L14 20L18 16\n           M20 12H22\n           M20 19H22\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.6\"\n        stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n        stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nRFQ Checklist\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     07 FAQ\n===================================================== -->\n\n<a\n    href=\"#t2t3-faqs\"\n    class=\"t2t3-page-nav-link\"\n>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-icon\">\n\n<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n    <circle\n        cx=\"16\"\n        cy=\"16\"\n        r=\"12\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.8\"\n    \/>\n\n    <path\n        d=\"M12.5 12\n           C13 9.5 15 8.5 17 8.5\n           C19.5 8.5 21 10 21 12\n           C21 14.2 19.5 15 17.5 16.2\n           C16.2 17 16 18 16 19\"\n        fill=\"none\"\n        stroke=\"currentColor\"\n        stroke-width=\"1.7\"\n        stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n    \/>\n\n    <circle\n        cx=\"16\"\n        cy=\"23\"\n        r=\"1\"\n        fill=\"currentColor\"\n    \/>\n\n<\/svg>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-text\">\nFAQs\n<\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!-- =====================================================\n     GET STARTED\n===================================================== -->\n\n<div class=\"t2t3-page-nav-cta-wrap\">\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sr-mfg.com\/contact-us\/\" class=\"t2t3-page-nav-cta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n    Get Started\n\n    <span class=\"t2t3-page-nav-arrow\">\n        \u2192\n    <\/span>\n\n<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/nav>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-top:124px;--awb-padding-bottom:144px;--awb-padding-top-medium:64px;--awb-padding-bottom-medium:96px;--awb-background-color:#f5f7f9;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"t2t3-overview\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:72px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#040d16;--awb-font-size:35px;\" id=\"overview\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.02em;text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);font-size:1em;line-height:1.12em;\"><span style=\"color: #f25534;\">T2\/T3 Pure Copper<\/span>: The Basics<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:66.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.88%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.88%;--awb-width-medium:66.666666666667%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.88%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.88%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p data-start=\"546\" data-end=\"856\">Both T2 and T3 belong to the category of commercially pure copper. In the market, they are also commonly referred to as pure copper, red copper, or purple copper. In practice, these names generally refer to the same material family, with the differences coming mainly from naming conventions and usage context.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"1249\">Pure copper is an industrial copper material with a very high copper content. Because the surface develops a reddish tone after oxidation, it is often called red copper or purple copper. T2 and T3 are grade designations defined under Chinese standards for pure copper. The \u201cT\u201d stands for copper, while the number indicates the purity level. <strong data-start=\"1199\" data-end=\"1249\">The smaller the number, the higher the purity.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\" style=\"border-radius:20px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" alt=\"T2 and T3 pure copper sheet and fabricated parts used in precision metal fabrication\" title=\"T2 and T3 Pure Copper for Metal Fabrication\" src=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication.webp\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-6819\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-200x150.webp 200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-400x300.webp 400w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-500x375.webp 500w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-600x450.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-700x525.webp 700w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-800x600.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-for-Metal-Fabrication.webp 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p><strong>Grade Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Grade<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Common Names<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Material Category<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Main Identification Point<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Best Starting Point For<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">T2<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">No. 2 pure copper, red copper, purple copper<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Commercially pure copper<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Copper content \u2265 99.90%, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Buyers sourcing parts with clear conductivity or heat transfer requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">T3<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">No. 3 pure copper, red copper<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Commercially pure copper<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Copper content \u2265 99.70%, more cost-effective<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Structural parts, general conductive parts, and cost-sensitive projects<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" id=\"t2t3-differences\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:30px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Differences Between T2 and T3 Pure Copper<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p>The main difference between T2 and T3 lies in their purity level, which directly affects how they perform in real applications.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:36px;--awb-padding-right:36px;--awb-padding-bottom:36px;--awb-padding-left:36px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-color:#ffffff;--awb-bg-color-hover:#ffffff;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:0px 4px 3px -3px rgba(79,93,109,0.08);;--awb-border-color:rgba(4,13,22,0.1);--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:32px 32px 32px 32px;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(-4px);--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-four\" style=\"--awb-font-size:20px;\"><h4 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Purity Difference<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p>T2 contains no less than 99.90% copper plus silver, with impurities controlled within 0.10%. T3 contains no less than 99.70% copper plus silver, with total impurities allowed up to 0.30%. Although the purity gap is only 0.20%, <strong data-start=\"2236\" data-end=\"2297\">it can still lead to noticeable differences in actual use<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:36px;--awb-padding-right:36px;--awb-padding-bottom:36px;--awb-padding-left:36px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-color:#ffffff;--awb-bg-color-hover:#ffffff;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:0px 4px 3px -3px rgba(79,93,109,0.08);;--awb-border-color:rgba(4,13,22,0.1);--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:32px 32px 32px 32px;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(-4px);--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-medium:10px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-four\" style=\"--awb-font-size:20px;\"><h4 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Performance and Application Tendency<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p>T2 offers higher electrical and thermal conductivity than T3, making it a better choice for parts with strict requirements for current transfer efficiency or heat dissipation. T3 is more suitable for structural components or applications where conductivity demands are less critical.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:20px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p><strong>T2 vs. T3 Comparison<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Item<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">T2<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">T3<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Impact on Purchasing Decisions<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Chemical composition grade<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Cu+Ag \u2265 99.90%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Cu+Ag \u2265 99.70%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">The clearer the conductivity or thermal target, the more important it is to confirm T2 first<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Typical application tendency<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Current-carrying parts, terminals, busbars, heat dissipation parts<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">General pure copper parts, parts that require performance limits to be confirmed first<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">If the drawing only says \u201cpure copper,\u201d suppliers will usually ask about the intended use<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Fit for conductivity requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">More often treated as the preferred option in cross-standard projects<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Better confirmed against actual test data or project requirements first<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">It is best to state the target conductivity directly in the RFQ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Processing focus<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Formability, edge quality, surface protection<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Formability, edge quality, surface protection<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Both grades should be evaluated together with temper and thickness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Purchasing notes<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Often corresponds to C11000 \/ C1100<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Recommended to confirm composition, temper, and end use item by item<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>The more complete the drawing information, the faster and more reliable the quotation<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-bottom:96px;--awb-padding-bottom-medium:48px;--awb-background-color:#f5f7f9;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"t2t3-specifications\" ><div class=\"awb-background-mask\" style=\"background-image:  url(data:image\/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20width%3D%221920%22%20height%3D%22954%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Cg%20clip-path%3D%22url%28%23prefix__clip0_58_109%29%22%20fill%3D%22rgba%28255%2C255%2C255%2C1%29%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M1020.86%20519.766c6.47-11.566%2022.45-20.942%2035.71-20.942h375.02c30.93%200%2043.77%2021.877%2028.68%2048.863L1204.02%201006H749l271.86-486.234zM1755.66%20419.989c6.47-11.664%2022.45-21.12%2035.7-21.12h391.65c26.5%200%2037.5%2018.912%2024.57%2042.24L1923%20954h-463.62l296.28-534.011z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M1371.86%20126.941c6.47-11.565%2022.46-20.941%2035.71-20.941h376.02c30.93%200%2043.77%2021.877%2028.68%2048.863L1371%20954H914.98l456.88-827.059z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3CclipPath%20id%3D%22prefix__clip0_58_109%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h1920v954H0z%22%2F%3E%3C%2FclipPath%3E%3C%2Fdefs%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E);opacity: 1 ;mix-blend-mode:normal;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion-flex-column fusion-animated\" style=\"--awb-padding-top-small:48px;--awb-padding-right-small:48px;--awb-padding-bottom-small:48px;--awb-padding-left-small:48px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:45%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.2666666666667%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:60px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.2666666666667%;--awb-width-medium:45%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:10.666666666667%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:14.933333333333%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:1;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-animationType=\"fadeInRight\" data-animationDuration=\"1.6\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#040d16;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;--awb-font-size:38px;\" id=\"standards-specifications\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.02em;text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);font-size:1em;--fontSize:38;line-height:1.12;\">How to Evaluate the Key Specifications of T2\/T3 Pure Copper<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><p>Chemical composition determines the material\u2019s core characteristics and performance ceiling. For pure copper, copper content is the key indicator, while impurity control affects both conductivity and fabrication performance. Bismuth and lead can impair hot-working performance. Antimony and arsenic can reduce electrical conductivity. Excessive oxygen content can also create a risk of hydrogen embrittlement in reducing atmospheres. These values help you confirm whether the material meets the <strong data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"557\">baseline requirements<\/strong> of your project.<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" 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Started<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column fusion-animated\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:60px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-margin-top-small:0px;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-animationType=\"fadeInLeft\" data-animationDuration=\"1.6\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\" style=\"border-radius:20px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" alt=\"Incoming inspection of T2 and T3 pure copper with measuring tools and material certification documents\" title=\"T2 and T3 Pure Copper Incoming Inspection and Specification Evaluation\" src=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation.webp\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-6820\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-200x150.webp 200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-400x300.webp 400w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-500x375.webp 500w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-600x450.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-700x525.webp 700w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-800x600.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-Incoming-Inspection-and-Specification-Evaluation.webp 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-animated\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:60px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:2;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-animationType=\"fadeInLeft\" data-animationDuration=\"1.6\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><p><strong>Chemical Composition<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Grade<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Cu+Ag<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Key Impurity Limits<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">T2<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">\u2265 99.90%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Bi \u2264 0.001%, Sb \u2264 0.002%, As \u2264 0.002%, Fe \u2264 0.005%, Pb \u2264 0.005%, S \u2264 0.005%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Higher purity grade, better suited for projects with demanding electrical or thermal conductivity requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">T3<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">\u2265 99.70%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Bi \u2264 0.002%, Pb \u2264 0.01%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">If the drawing specifies T3, it is best to define the temper and intended application at the same time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\"><p><strong>Physical Properties<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Property<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Typical Value or Range<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">What It Means for Sheet Metal Parts<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Electrical conductivity<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T2 in annealed temper is commonly referenced at close to 100% IACS. For T3 and other tempers, actual values should be confirmed against the material certificate or test data.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Useful for initial material selection for current-carrying parts, contact parts, and conductive connectors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Thermal conductivity<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Pure copper offers very high thermal conductivity. The exact value should be confirmed based on grade, temper, and test method.<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Suitable for heat sinks, thermal base plates, and heat spreaders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Density<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">8.9 to 8.92 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Makes it easier to estimate part weight, blank weight, and packaging requirements in advance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Melting point<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 1083\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Heat input should be considered early when planning welding, brazing, or heat treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Coefficient of thermal expansion<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">17.6 to 17.7 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076 \/K<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Dimensional change should be accounted for in assembly tolerances, elevated-temperature service, and thermal cycling conditions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\"><p><strong>Mechanical Properties by Temper<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Temper<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Tensile Strength<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Yield Strength<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Elongation<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Bendability<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Suitable Part Types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">O \/ Soft<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">179 to 262 MPa<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 69 MPa<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 35%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Well suited to small-radius bending and deep drawing<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Complex bent parts, drawn parts, and conductive parts with more intricate geometries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">H02 \/ 1\/2 Hard<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">255 to 317 MPa<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 255 MPa<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 20%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Suitable for general bending<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Terminals, support tabs, and parts that need a balance of strength and formability<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">H04 \/ Hard<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">297 to 359 MPa<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 310 MPa<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Approx. 8%<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Better suited to light forming and flat parts<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Flat conductive parts and sheet components with higher rigidity requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-top:124px;--awb-padding-bottom:72px;--awb-padding-right-medium:50px;--awb-padding-bottom-medium:72px;--awb-padding-left-medium:50px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"t2t3-processing\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:72px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#040d16;--awb-font-size:48px;\" id=\"material-properties\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.02em;text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);font-size:1em;line-height:1.12em;\">Is T2\/T3 Pure Copper Suitable for Sheet Metal Parts?<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-0 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-max-width:200px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" alt=\"T2 and T3 pure copper parts showing blanking and punching quality in metal fabrication\" title=\"Blanking and Punching of T2 and T3 Pure Copper\" src=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-6821\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-200x150.webp 200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-400x300.webp 400w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-500x375.webp 500w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-600x450.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-700x525.webp 700w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-800x600.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Blanking-and-Punching-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-1 fusion_builder_column_inner_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-9 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Blanking and Punching<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11\"><p>Pure copper is relatively soft, so burrs can form easily during stamping and laser cutting. In high-speed stamping, die clearance control and punch edge sharpness are especially important. Its high thermal conductivity also allows heat to dissipate quickly during cutting, which means laser cutting requires more carefully tuned process parameters.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-18 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-2 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-max-width:200px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" alt=\"T2 and T3 pure copper sheet parts showing bending and forming performance\" title=\"Bending and Forming of T2 and T3 Pure Copper\" src=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-6822\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-200x150.webp 200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-400x300.webp 400w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-500x375.webp 500w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-600x450.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-700x525.webp 700w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-800x600.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Bending-and-Forming-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-3 fusion_builder_column_inner_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-10 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Bending and Forming<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\"><p>Pure copper has excellent cold-working properties, and bending is one of its main forming methods. However, bend performance is strongly affected by temper, material thickness, inside bend radius, and grain direction. These factors can make a noticeable difference in the final result. During prototyping, you should confirm these details with the supplier in advance, especially when the part has tight dimensional tolerances or appearance requirements.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-19 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-4 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-max-width:200px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-5 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" alt=\"T2 and T3 pure copper parts assembled by brazing soldering and mechanical fastening\" title=\"Welding Brazing and Assembly of T2 and T3 Pure Copper\" src=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-6823\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-200x150.webp 200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-400x300.webp 400w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-500x375.webp 500w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-600x450.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-700x525.webp 700w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-800x600.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Welding-Brazing-and-Assembly-of-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-5 fusion_builder_column_inner_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-11 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Welding, Brazing, and Assembly<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13\"><p>Both T2 and T3 offer good brazing and soft soldering performance. <strong data-start=\"1017\" data-end=\"1062\">One point that requires special attention<\/strong> is the risk of hydrogen embrittlement in these grades, particularly with T3. They should not be annealed, welded, or otherwise processed in a reducing atmosphere at elevated temperatures, especially above 370\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-20 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-6 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-max-width:200px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-6 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" alt=\"T2 and T3 pure copper parts showing surface appearance control and protective packaging\" title=\"Surface Appearance and Protection for T2 and T3 Pure Copper\" src=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-6824\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-200x150.webp 200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-400x300.webp 400w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-500x375.webp 500w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-600x450.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-700x525.webp 700w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-800x600.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Surface-Appearance-and-Protection-for-T2-and-T3-Pure-Copper.webp 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-7 fusion_builder_column_inner_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-12 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Appearance and Surface Protection<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-14\"><p>Scratches on the raw material, oxidation-related color variation, and handling damage during fabrication all need to be tightly controlled. When sourcing, it is best to define the required surface standard in advance, such as brushed or mirror finish, whether slight color variation is acceptable, and what kind of protective packaging is required, such as film protection or interleaving paper.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-21 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-15\"><p><strong>Sheet Metal Process Compatibility<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Process<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Suitability<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Main Risk Points<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Design or Purchasing Recommendations<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Blanking \/ Punching<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">High<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Burrs, edge indentation, surface scuffing<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Specify thickness, tolerance, hole-edge function, and surface protection requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Bending \/ Forming<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">High<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Springback, bend cracking, grain direction effects<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Specify temper, inside radius, and bend direction, and prioritize sample validation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Soft Soldering \/ Brazing<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">High<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Heat-affected zone discoloration, local distortion<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Clearly define weld area location and post-weld requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Shielded Gas Welding \/ Laser Welding \/ Resistance Welding<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Medium<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Narrower processing window and tighter heat input control<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Confirm process feasibility with the supplier in advance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Surface Finishing \/ Plating<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">High<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Pretreatment control and appearance consistency<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Define the final appearance standard and plating target clearly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-top:96px;--awb-padding-bottom:96px;--awb-padding-top-medium:72px;--awb-padding-right-medium:30px;--awb-padding-bottom-medium:72px;--awb-padding-left-medium:30px;--awb-padding-bottom-small:72px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"t2t3-applications\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-22 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:72px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-13 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#040d16;--awb-font-size:48px;\" id=\"surface-quality\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.02em;text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);font-size:1em;line-height:1.12em;\">Common Sheet Metal Applications for T2\/T3 Pure Copper<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-23 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-16\"><p>In sheet metal fabrication, T2 and T3 are most commonly used for three types of parts: conductive components, thermal management components, and copper parts that need to balance appearance with function. Other applications do exist, but these three are the most typical.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-17\"><p><strong>Application Fit Guide<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Application<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">More Common Choice<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Why<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Information to Add When Placing an Order<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Busbars, terminals, contact clips, conductive connectors<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T2<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Clear high-conductivity requirement and easier communication across standards<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Conductivity target, temper, hole-edge conductivity requirements, plating requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Heat sinks, thermal base plates, heat spreaders<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T2<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Thermal conductivity data is more clearly established and engineering references are more widely available<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Heat flow direction, flatness, thickness tolerance, downstream assembly method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Shielding parts, functional covers, copper parts with appearance requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T2 or T3<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Depends on conductivity target, appearance standard, and purchasing conditions<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Surface acceptance standard, protective film method, color variation standard, packaging method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-top:48px;--awb-padding-bottom:124px;--awb-padding-right-medium:30px;--awb-padding-left-medium:30px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"t2t3-rfq\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-24 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:72px;--awb-padding-right:72px;--awb-padding-left:72px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-radius:24px 24px 24px 24px;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-14 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-font-size:48px;\" id=\"process-compatibility\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Plus Jakarta Sans&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.02em;text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);font-size:1em;line-height:1.12em;\">What Information Should You Provide When Requesting a Quote for T2\/T3?<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-25 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-18\"><p><strong>RFQ Checklist<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-2\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Item<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Information the Customer Should Provide<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Why It Matters<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Grade<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T2 or T3<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Defines the material category and purity level from the start<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Reference standard<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">GB\/T 5231, ASTM B152, or the standard specified on the drawing<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Helps the supplier work directly to the correct specification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Thickness, size, and quantity<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Sheet thickness, flat pattern size, order volume, annual demand<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Affects material utilization, process planning, and pricing structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Delivery temper<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Soft, half-hard, hard, or the temper specified on the drawing<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>Directly affects bendability, strength, and conductivity expectations<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Electrical or thermal requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">IACS, MS\/m, temperature rise conditions, heat flow requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Determines the material selection and testing approach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Surface requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Protective film, brushed finish, polishing, plating, allowable color variation<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Affects the process route and acceptance criteria<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Whether the part is cosmetic<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">State whether the part needs to be controlled to an appearance standard<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Affects scratch control, dent control, packaging, and inspection method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Secondary operations<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Bending, welding, riveting, screen printing, plating, and so on<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Affects temper selection and upstream process planning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Documentation requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Material certificate, conductivity test, dimensional report, first article report<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Affects inspection cost and delivery documentation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Packaging requirements<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Individual separation, vacuum packaging, anti-oxidation protection, pallet method<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>Directly affects the surface condition on arrival<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-8 fusion-flex-container has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:1;--awb-padding-top:80px;--awb-padding-bottom:80px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"t2t3-faqs\" ><div class=\"awb-background-mask\" style=\"background-image:  url(data:image\/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20width%3D%221920%22%20height%3D%22954%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill-rule%3D%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3D%22evenodd%22%20d%3D%22M1920%200h-832.2S1252%20176.5%201252%20477s-164.2%20477-164.2%20477H1920V0z%22%20fill%3D%22rgba%2833%2C126%2C232%2C0.05%29%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E);opacity: 1 ;mix-blend-mode:normal;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1260px;margin-left: calc(-5% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-5% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-26 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-right:10px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.9375%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.9375%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.9375%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.9375%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:2.375%;--awb-margin-bottom-small:60px;--awb-spacing-left-small:2.375%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-15 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two fusion-animated\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#0f0f0f;--awb-font-size:30px;--awb-animation-color:#ededed;\" data-animationType=\"revealInLeft\" data-animationDuration=\"1.5\" data-animationDelay=\"0.5\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\" id=\"faqs\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Mulish&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;margin:0;letter-spacing:-0.015em;text-transform:capitalize;font-size:1em;line-height:1.3;\"><mark class=\"fusion-highlight custom-textcolor highlight1 awb-highlight-marker\" style=\"--awb-color:#f6ae03;--awb-text-color:#0f0f0f;\">FAQs<\/mark>\u200b<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:40px;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:var(--awb-color5);border-color:var(--awb-color5);border-top-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-27 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-flex-column fusion-animated\" style=\"--awb-bg-position:center bottom;--awb-bg-size:;--awb-width-large:60%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.9583333333333%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.9583333333333%;--awb-width-medium:60%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.9583333333333%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.9583333333333%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:2.375%;--awb-spacing-left-small:2.375%;\" data-animationType=\"fadeInUp\" data-animationDuration=\"1.5\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:14px;--awb-content-font-size:17px;--awb-content-letter-spacing:0.010em;--awb-content-text-transform:var(--awb-typography4-text-transform);--awb-content-line-height:1.6;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:rgba(255,143,92,0.05);--awb-border-color:rgba(79,134,216,0.2);--awb-background-color:rgba(79,134,216,0.05);--awb-divider-color:rgba(79,134,216,0.2);--awb-divider-hover-color:#4e85d8;--awb-icon-color:#191919;--awb-title-color:#191919;--awb-content-color:#424242;--awb-icon-box-color:rgba(79,134,216,0.1);--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#4e85d8;--awb-toggle-active-accent-color:#ff915e;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Figtree&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:600;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:20px;--awb-title-letter-spacing:0.010em;--awb-title-line-height:1.4;--awb-title-text-transform:var(--awb-typography1-text-transform);--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Figtree&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-2281-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-9990065fef8744912 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_9990065fef8744912\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"9990065fef8744912\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#9990065fef8744912\" href=\"#9990065fef8744912\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon fa-caret-down fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon fa-caret-right fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Is there a big price difference between soft and hard tempers?<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"9990065fef8744912\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_9990065fef8744912\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>For the same grade, the raw material price usually does not vary much between tempers. The main cost difference typically comes from fabrication. Hard temper material is more difficult to form, causes more tool wear, and may increase scrap rates. The total cost should be evaluated based on part complexity. For simple parts, the impact of temper on overall cost is usually limited.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-ed5352464b524b8ba fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_ed5352464b524b8ba\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"ed5352464b524b8ba\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#ed5352464b524b8ba\" href=\"#ed5352464b524b8ba\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon fa-caret-down fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon fa-caret-right fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">What is the minimum workable thickness for pure copper parts?<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"ed5352464b524b8ba\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_ed5352464b524b8ba\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>In sheet metal fabrication, pure copper sheet can typically be processed from 0.3 mm and above. Thinner material, such as 0.1 to 0.3 mm, falls more into the foil range, where processing methods need to be adjusted and forming and positioning become more difficult. It is best to confirm the lower thickness limit with the supplier during the design stage.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-23095133f3baf8b55 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_23095133f3baf8b55\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"23095133f3baf8b55\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#23095133f3baf8b55\" href=\"#23095133f3baf8b55\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon fa-caret-down fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon fa-caret-right fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Can pure copper parts be used outdoors for long periods?<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"23095133f3baf8b55\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_23095133f3baf8b55\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>In natural environments, pure copper gradually develops an oxide layer and patina, which helps slow further corrosion. In high-salinity, high-humidity, or sulfur-containing industrial environments, corrosion can progress more quickly. For outdoor use, it is generally advisable to specify an appropriate surface treatment or consider a copper alloy instead.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-51f60a269fae9fffb fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_51f60a269fae9fffb\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"51f60a269fae9fffb\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#51f60a269fae9fffb\" href=\"#51f60a269fae9fffb\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon fa-caret-down fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon fa-caret-right fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">What is the difference between sheet metal fabrication in pure copper and brass?<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"51f60a269fae9fffb\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_51f60a269fae9fffb\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>Pure copper is softer and more ductile, which makes it better suited to deep drawing and more complex forming. Brass is harder and offers better machinability, but its forming performance is generally not as good as pure copper. The right choice depends on the balance between forming requirements, strength targets, and cost considerations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-e9c58d5e911f70165 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h3 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_e9c58d5e911f70165\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e9c58d5e911f70165\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#e9c58d5e911f70165\" href=\"#e9c58d5e911f70165\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon fa-caret-down fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon fa-caret-right fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">What tolerance level can pure copper parts achieve?<\/span><\/a><\/h3><\/div><div id=\"e9c58d5e911f70165\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_e9c58d5e911f70165\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>In conventional sheet metal fabrication, linear tolerances can typically reach \u00b10.1 mm, and angular tolerances can reach \u00b10.5\u00b0. Tighter tolerances usually require additional precision machining processes. Thickness tolerances are limited by the incoming raw material and are normally governed by the relevant material standard. It is best to mark tolerance requirements clearly for critical dimensions on the drawing.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2186,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2281","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2281","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2281"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2281\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6825,"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2281\/revisions\/6825"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceshi.baoxuanmetal.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}